The moral of the hymn to Aphrodite is that love is ever-changing, fickle, and chaotic. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Our work is created by a team of talented poetry experts, to provide an in-depth look into poetry, like no other. an egg to throw herself, in her goading desire, from the rock . The Poems of Sappho: Sapphics: Ode to Aphrodite - sacred-texts.com After the invocation and argument, the Greeks believed that the god would have heard their call and come to their aid. It is spoken by Queen Gertrude. And there is dancing Sappho 105a (via Syrianus on Hermogenes, On Kinds of Style): Just like the sweet apple that blushes on top of a branch, has a share in brilliance and beauty. Ill never come back to you.. "Aphrodite, I need your help. . The Hymn to Aphrodite by Sappho is an ancient lyric in which Sappho begs for Aphrodites help in managing her turbulent love life. 22 Sappho who she is and if she turns from you now, soon, by my urgings, . The moon is set. During Sappho's lifetime, coins of ***** were minted with her image. Come to me now, Aphrodite; dispel the worries that irritate and offend me; fulfill the wishes of my heart; and fight here beside me. 6. In this poem Sappho places Aphrodite on equal footing with the male gods. Ode to Aphrodite - Wikipedia 16. In the poems final line, Sappho asks Aphrodite to be her sacred protector, but thats not what the Greek has to say about it. Sappho's A Prayer To Aphrodite and Seizure - 586 Words | 123 Help Me From this silence we may infer that the source of this myth about Aphrodite and Adonis is independent of Sapphos own poetry or of later distortions based on it. Down the sky. 11 And now [nun de] we are arranging [poien] [the festival], 12 in accordance with the ancient way [] 13 holy [agna] and [] a throng [okhlos] 14 of girls [parthenoi] [] and women [gunaikes] [15] on either side 16 the measured sound of ululation [ololg]. (Sappho, in Ven. Though now he flies, ere long he shall pursue thee; Save me from anguish; give me all I ask for. She seems to be involved, in this poem, in a situation of unrequited love. child of Zeus, weaver of wiles, I implore you. . To learn more, check out our transcription guide or visit our transcribers forum, Hymn to Aphrodite is the oldest known and only intact poem by Ancient Greek poet Sappho, written in approximately 600 BC. [1] Muse, tell me the deeds of golden Aphrodite the Cyprian, who stirs up sweet passion in the gods and subdues the tribes of mortal men and birds that fly in air and all the many creatures [5] that the dry land rears, and all that the sea: all these love the deeds of rich-crowned Cytherea. Aphrodite is invoked as the queen of deception-designing or wiles-weaving. Merchants and sailors spent so much money on the city's pleasures that the proverb "Not for every man is the voyage to Corinth" grew popular. Poem Analysis, https://poemanalysis.com/sappho/hymn-to-aphrodite/. The Poems of Sappho, by John Myers O'Hara, [1910], at sacred-texts.com p. 9 ODE TO APHRODITE Aphrodite, subtle of soul and deathless, Daughter of God, weaver of wiles, I pray thee Neither with care, dread Mistress, nor with anguish, Slay thou my spirit! The goddess interspersed her questions with the refrain now again, reminding Sappho that she had repeatedly been plagued by the trials of lovedrama she has passed on to the goddess. Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom. Cameron, Sappho's Prayer To Aphrodite | PDF | Aphrodite | Poetry - Scribd Ode to Aphrodite Summary - eNotes.com and said thou, Who has harmed thee? Immortal Aphrodite, on your intricately brocaded throne, 1 child of Zeus, weaver of wiles, this I pray: Dear Lady, don't crush my heart with pains and sorrows. This girl that I like doesn't like me back.". No, flitting aimlessly about, The idea that Sappho held a thaisos comes from the multiple young women she wrote poetry to as her students.Legend holds that her thiasos started out as a type of finishing school, where nobles would send their young daughters to be taught the womanly accomplishments they would need for marriage.However, over time Sappho's school evolved into a cult of Aphrodite and Eros, with Sappho as high . Coming from heaven 14. She doesn't directly describe the pains her love causes her: she suggests them, and allows Aphrodite to elaborate. And you, sacred one, Smiling with deathless face, asking. Im older. A whirring of wings through mid-air. of our wonderful times. The Rhetoric of Prayer in Sappho's "Hymn to Aphrodite". The poetry truly depicts a realistic picture of the bonds of love. It is believed that Sappho may have belonged to a cult that worshiped Aphrodite with songs and poetry. Yet the stanza says nothing specific about this particular woman. Come to me even now, and free me from harsh, is seated and, up close, that sweet voice of yours, and how you laugh a laugh that brings desire. During this visit, Aphrodite smiled and asked Sappho what the matter was. PDF Hum 110 - Gail Sherman Translations of Sappho Barnard, Mary, trans You see, that woman who was by far supreme 7 in beauty among all humans, Helen, 8 she [] her best of all husbands, 9 him she left behind and sailed to Troy, [10] caring not about her daughter and her dear parents, 11 not caring at all. the clear-sounding song-loving lyre. Whoever is not happy when he drinks is crazy. Sappho's "___ to Aphrodite" Crossword Clue Nyt Clues / By Rex Parker'son Advertisement Sapphos to Aphrodite NYT Crossword Clue Answers are listed below and every time we find a new solution for this clue, we add it on the answers list down below. they say that Sappho was the first, This only complete Sappho poem, "Hymn to Aphrodite," expresses the very human plea for help with a broken heart. 35 For instance, when Sappho visited Syracuse the residents were so honored they erected a statue to commemorate the occasion! [15] In Hellenistic editions of Sappho's works, it was the first poem of Book I of her poetry. According to the account in Book VII of the mythographer Ptolemaios Chennos (ca. This suggests that love is war. [10] While apparently a less common understanding, it has been employed in translations dating back to the 19th century;[11] more recently, for example, a translation by Gregory Nagy adopted this reading and rendered the vocative phrase as "you with pattern-woven flowers". He is dying, Aphrodite; ix. Despite Sapphos weariness and anguish, Aphrodite is smiling. So here, again, we have a stark contrast between Aphrodite and the poet. "Sappho: Poems and Fragments Fragment 1 Summary and Analysis". Thus he spoke. Jackie Murray is an associate professor of Classics at the University of Kentucky and at SUNY at Buffalo. On the one hand, the history the poem recounts seems to prove that the goddess has already been the poets ally for a long time, and the last line serves to reiterate the irony of its premise. Sappho uses the word , or mainolas thumos in the poem, which translates to panicked smoke or frenzied breath. Still, thumos is also associated with thought and emotion because ones breath pattern shows how they are feeling. The poem ends with an appeal to Aphrodite to once again come to the speaker's aid. Both interpretations are convincing, and indeed, the temporal ambiguity of the last line resonates with the rest of the poem, which balances the immortal perspective of a goddess with the impatience of human passion. Use section headers above different song parts like [Verse], [Chorus], etc. She is known for her lyric poetry, much of which alludes to her sexuality. This translation follows the reading ers (vs. eros) aeli. And they sang the song of Hector and Andromache, both looking just like the gods [, way she walks and the radiant glance of her face. Related sources (summaries and commentary by G.N.) Yours is the form to which The sons of Atreus, kings both, . For day is near. Thus, Sappho, here, is asking Aphrodite to be her comrade, ally, and companion on the battlefield, which is love. 20 12. Now, I shall sing these songs are the sparrow, the dove, the swan, the swallow, and a bird called iynx. 9 bittersweet, Little is known with certainty about the life of Sappho, or Psappha in her native Aeolic dialect. One of her poems is a prayer to Aphrodite, asking the goddess to come and help her in her love life. [1] It was preserved in Dionysius of Halicarnassus' On Composition, quoted in its entirety as an example of "smooth" or "polished" writing,[2] a style which Dionysius also identifies in the work of Hesiod, Anacreon, and Euripides. . In the ode to Aphrodite, the poet invokes the goddess to appear, as she has in the past, and to be her ally in persuading a girl she desires to love her. If so, "Hymn to Aphrodite" may have been composed for performance within the cult. Finally, in stanza seven of Hymn to Aphrodite, Sappho stops reflecting on her past meetings with Aphrodite and implores the Goddess to come to her, just as she did before. Sapphos Fragment 1 uses apostrophe, an impassioned poetic address, to call out to the goddess Aphrodite for aid. To Aphrodite. She completed, The Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington and Greece would like to express our sincerest condolences to the family of. you anointed yourself. Ode To Aphrodite Poem by Sappho - InternetPoem.com On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Many literary devices within the Hymn to Aphrodite have gotten lost in translation. 6 Ode to Aphrodite (Edm. " release me from my agony, fulfill all that my heart desires " Sappho here is begging Aphrodite to come to her aid, and not for the first time. IS [hereafter PAGE]. The last stanza begins by reiterating two of the pleas from the rest of the poem: come to me now and all my heart longs for, accomplish. In the present again, the stanza emphasizes the irony of the rest of the poem by embodying Aphrodites exasperated now again. Lines 26 and 27, all my heart longs to accomplish, accomplish also continue the pattern of repetition that carries through the last four stanzas. in grief.. Just as smiling Aphrodite comes down from heaven to meet lowly, wretched Sappho, even a person who rejects your gifts and runs away from you can come to love you one day. Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite | Semantic Scholar We do know that Sappho was held in very high regard. Yet there are three hearts that she . A.D.), Or. .] .] The Ode to Aphrodite (or Sappho fragment 1[a]) is a lyric poem by the archaic Greek poet Sappho, who wrote in the late seventh and early sixth centuries BCE, in which the speaker calls on the help of Aphrodite in the pursuit of a beloved. On the other hand, the goddess is lofty, energetic, and cunning, despite her role as the manager of all mortal and divine love affairs. Someone called Maks was more fortunate: having succeeded in escaping from four love affairs after four corresponding leaps from the white rock, he earned the epithet Leukopetras the one of the white rock. Z A. Cameron, "Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite," HThR 32 (1939) 1-17, esp. Deathless Aphrodite, throned in flowers, Daughter of Zeus, O terrible enchantress, With this sorrow, with this anguish, break my spirit. And there was no dance, Aphrodite | Underflow - Prayers to the Gods of Olympus These tricks cause the poet weariness and anguish, highlighting the contrast between Aphrodites divine, ethereal beauty and her role as a goddess who forces people to fall in love with each other sometimes against their own will. This puts Aphrodite, rightly, in a position of power as an onlooker and intervener. Sappho identifies herself in this poem; the name Sappho (Psappho) appears in only three other fragments. Most English translations, instead, use blank verse since it is much easier to compose in for English speakers. Introduction: A Simple Prayer The Complexity of Sappho 1 , ' Pindar, Olympian I Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite (Fragment 1 V. [1] ) holds a special place in Greek Literature. 3 Do not dominate with hurts [asai] and pains [oniai], 4 O Queen [potnia], my heart [thmos]. Otherwise, she wouldnt need to ask Aphrodite for help so much. gifts of [the Muses], whose contours are adorned with violets, [I tell you] girls [paides] 2 [. Her poetry is vivid, to the point where the reader or listener can feel the sentiments rising from the core of his or her own being. Time [hr] passes. 1 Drikha, your bones have turned into dust a long time agoand so too the ribbons 2 of your hair, and so too the shawl, exhaling that perfumed scent of yours, 3 in which you enveloped once upon a time the charming Kharaxos, 4 skin next to skin, complexion making contact with complexion, as you reached for cups of wine at the coming of the dawn. To a slender shoot, I most liken you. The word break in the plea do not break with hard pains, which ends the first stanza, parallels the verb lures from the second line, suggesting that Aphrodites cunning might extend to the poets own suffering. [Sappho compared the girl to an apple.she compared the bridegroom to Achilles, and likened the young mans deeds to the heros.] POEMS OF SAPPHO - University of Houston Other translations render this line completely differently; for example, Josephine Balmers translation of the poem begins Immortal, Aphrodite, on your patterned throne. This difference is due to contradictions in the source material itself. It begins with an invocation of the goddess Aphrodite, which is followed by a narrative section in which the speaker describes a previous occasion on which the goddess has helped her. The marriage is accomplished as you prayed. Blessed Aphrodite Glorious, Radiant Goddess I give my thanks to you For guiding me this past year Your love has been a light Shining brightly in even the darkest of times And this past year There were many, many dark times This year has been a long one Full of pain . Who is doing you. 5 But come here, if ever before, when you heard my far-off cry, you And you came, leaving your father's house, yoking The swift wings, with dusky-tinted pinions of these birds, create quite a bit of symbolism. Thus, you will find that every translation of this poem will read very differently. Sappho had several brothers, married a wealthy man named Cercylas and had a daughter, Cleis. Compel her to bolt from wherever she is, from whatever household, as she feels the love for Sophia. [] In the poem we find grounds for our views about her worship of Aphrodite, [] her involvement in the thasos, [] and her poetic . But come here, if ever before, when you heard my far-off cry, you listened. 8 To become ageless [a-gra-os] for someone who is mortal is impossible to achieve. [24], Sappho asks the goddess to ease the pains of her unrequited love for this woman;[25] after being thus invoked, Aphrodite appears to Sappho, telling her that the woman who has rejected her advances will in time pursue her in turn. Sparrows that brought you over black earth. When you lie dead, no one will remember you his purple cloak. 17. work of literature, but our analysis of its religious aspects has been in a sense also literary; it is the contrast between the vivid and intimate picture of the epiphany and the more formal style of the framework in which it is set that gives the poem much of its charm. With these black-and-white claims, Aphrodite hints that she is willing to help Sappho, and she tells the poet that before long, the person Sappho loves will return her affections. In this case, Sappho often suffers from heartbreak, unrequited love, and rejection. Various translations are telling in regards to this last line. throwing off By way of her soul [pskh] and her heart [kardia], bring [agein] this Sarapias herself [to me] . Sappho paraphrases Aphrodite in lines three and four. Ode To Aphrodite Analysis - 903 Words | Internet Public Library iv . A number of Sappho's poems mention or are addressed to Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love. This reading, now standard, was first proposed in 1835 by Theodor Bergk,[22] but not fully accepted until the 1960s. Or they would die. Hymenaon! However, a few of them still shine through, regardless of the language or meter: Beautiful-throned, immortal Aphrodite,Daughter of Zeus, beguiler, I implore thee,Weigh me not down with weariness and anguishO thou most holy! Aphrodite has power, while Sappho comes across as powerless. In stanza six, we find a translation issue. nigga you should've just asked ms jovic for help, who does the quote involving "quick sparrows over the black earth whipping their wings down the sky through mid air" have to do with imagery and fertility/sexuality. This translates to something like poor Sappho, or dear little Sappho.. In the lengthy and detailed account of Ptolemaios, Sappho is not mentioned at all, let alone Phaon. .] Thou alone, Sappho, art sole with the silence, Sole with night and dreams that are darkness, weaving calling on Apollo Pn, the far-shooter, master of playing beautifully on the lyre. Rather than shying away from her debt, "Sappho" leans into her shared history with the goddess and uses it to leverage her request, come here if ever before/you caught my voice far off. Aphrodite has an obligation to help her because she has done so in the past. .] So, basically, its a prayer. A legend from Ovid suggests that she threw herself from a cliff when her heart was broken by Phaon, a young sailor, and died at an early age. [31] Sappho's Homeric influence is especially clear in the third stanza of the poem, where Aphrodite's descent to the mortal world is marked by what Keith Stanley describes as "a virtual invasion of Homeric words and phrases". Himerius (4th cent. Sappho (630 BC-570 BC) - Poems: Translated by George Theodoridis Sappho also uses the image of Aphrodites chariot to elevate and honor the goddess. In this poem, Sappho expresses her desperation and heartbrokenness, begging Aphrodite to be the poet's ally. However, the pronoun in stanza six, following all ancient greek copies of this poem, is not he. Instead, it is she. Early translators, such as T. W. Higginson believed that this was a mistake and auto-corrected the she to he.. Analysis Of Hymn To Aphrodite By Sappho - 1430 Words | Cram Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite A. Cameron Published 1 January 1939 Art, Education Harvard Theological Review The importance of Sappho's first poem as a religious document has long been recognized, but there is still room for disagreement as to the position that should be assigned to it in a history of Greek religious experience. Keith Stanley argues that these lines portray Aphrodite "humorous[ly] chiding" Sappho,[37] with the threefold repetition of followed by the hyperbolic and lightly mocking ', ', ; [d][37]. Sappho's school devoted itself to the cult of Aphrodite and Eros, and Sappho earned great prominence as a dedicated teacher and poet. Sappho is asking Aphrodite for help in a lyrical poem that has three separate parts, each different in length and meaning. to poets of other lands. While Aphrodite flies swiftly from the utmost heights of heaven, Sappho is on earth, calling up. Accordingly, it is a significant poem for the study of the Ancient greek language, early poetry, and gender. Anne Carson's Translations of Sappho: A Dialogue with the Past? By stanza two of Sapphos Hymn to Aphrodite, the poet moves on to the argument potion of her prayer, using her poetics to convince Aphrodite to hear her. [20] The speaker is identified in the poem as Sappho, in one of only four surviving works where Sappho names herself. It is sometimes refered to as Fragment 1, Title, Author, Book and Lines of your passage (this poem is Sappho's "Hymn to Aphrodite"). [3] It is also partially preserved on Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 2288, a second-century papyrus discovered at Oxyrhynchus in Egypt. [] Many of the conclusions we draw about Sappho's poetry come from this one six-strophe poem. A.D. 100; by way of Photius Bibliotheca 152153 Bekker), the first to dive off the heights of Cape Leukas, the most famous localization of the White Rock, was none other than Aphrodite herself, out of love for a dead Adonis. Her poetry is vivid, to the point where the reader or listener can feel the sentiments rising from the core of his or her own being. He quoted Sappho's poem in full in one of his own works, which accounts for the poem's survival. And you flutter after Andromeda. The moon shone full This is a prayer to the goddess Aphrodite, and speaks of times of trouble in Sappho's life. The contrast between the white and dark feathers mimics the poets black-and-white perception of love. 7. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. The Poems of Sappho - Project Gutenberg Her name inspired the terms 'sapphic' and 'lesbian', both referencing female same-sex relationships. We may question the degree of historicity in such accounts. Sappho creates a plea to Aphrodite, calling on the goddess to assist her with her pursuit of love. In the flashback from stanza two to stanza six, it was clear that Aphrodite was willing to intervene and help Sappho find love. .] The focal emphasis defines the substance of the prayer: Aphrodite, queen of deception, make my beloved blind to any attraction but me. [c][28] The poem contains few clues to the performance context, though Stefano Caciagli suggests that it may have been written for an audience of Sappho's female friends. in the future. She mentions the grief one feels at the denial of love, but that is all. [36] Aphrodite's speech in the fourth and fifth stanzas of the poem has also been interpreted as lighthearted. on the tip Deathless Aphrodite, throned in flowers, Daughter of Zeus, O terrible enchantress, With this sorrow, with this anguish, break my spirit. In "A Prayer To Aphrodite," Sappho is offering a prayer, of sorts, to the goddess of love. Weeping many tears, she left me and said, The poem begins with Sappho praising the goddess before begging her not to break her heart by letting her beloved continue to evade her. But now, in accordance with your sacred utterance, The actual text of the poem was quoted by Dionysus, an orator who lived in Rome about 30 B.C. Beyond the meter of Sapphos Hymn to Aphrodite, this poem uses a specific form that would have been very familiar to ancient Greek and Roman people. In Homer's Iliad Hera the goddess of family and Athena the goddess of wisdom and warfare are in a chariot to attend the battle. And I answered: Farewell, go and remember me. [5] Its really quite easy to make this understandable 6 to everyone, this thing. The conspicuous lack of differentiation between the two of them speaks to the deep intimacy they share, and suggests that the emotional center of the poem is not "Sappho"s immediate desire for love and Aphrodites ability to grant it, but rather the lasting affection, on surprisingly equal footing, that the two of them share. Hymenaon, Sing the wedding song! The final line, You, be my ally, balances these concerns. And when the maidens stood around the altar, 5 2. My Translation of Sappho's Hymn to Aphrodite Again love, the limb-loosener, rattles me By the end of the first stanza, the poems focus has already begun to shift away from a description of Aphrodite and towards "Sappho"s relationship with her. In closing the poem, Sappho begs Aphrodite to come to her again and force the person who Sappho yearns for to love her back. She causes desire to make herself known in dreams by night or visions during the day. Our text includes three of Sappho's best known poems, in part because they are the most complete. setting out to bring her to your love? I would be crazy not to give all the herds of the Cyclopes many wreaths of roses Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite (Fragment 1 V. [] ) holds a special place in Greek Literature.The poem is the only one of Sappho's which survives complete. Sappho | Poetry Foundation But I say it is that one thing 4 that anyone passionately loves [ertai]. Lady, not longer! 7 I cry and cry about those things, over and over again. Hear anew the voice! Asking what I sought, thus hopeless in desiring, Wildered in brain, and spreading nets of passion . They just couldnt reach it. Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite | Harvard Theological Review - Cambridge Core The poem is a prayer for a renewal of confidence that the person whom Sappho loves will requite that love. Sappho implores Aphrodite to come to her aid as her heart is in anguish as she experiences unrequited love. Sappho is depressed because a woman that she loved has left in order to be married and, in turn, she is heartbroken. 1 Close by, , 2 O Queen [potnia] Hera, your [] festival [eort], 3 which, vowed-in-prayer [arsthai], the Sons of Atreus did arrange [poien] 4 for you, kings that they were, [5] after first having completed [ek-telen] great labors [aethloi], 6 around Troy, and, next [apseron], 7 after having set forth to come here [tuide], since finding the way 8 was not possible for them 9 until they would approach you (Hera) and Zeus lord of suppliants [antiaos] [10] and (Dionysus) the lovely son of Thyone. Sappho's Prayer to Aphrodite (Fragment 1 V. [] ) holds a special place in Greek Literature.The poem is the only one of Sappho's which survives complete. Taller than a tall man! By shifting to the past tense and describing a previous time when Aphrodite rescued "Sappho" from heartbreak, the next stanza makes explicit this personal connection between the goddess and the poet. I dont know what to do: I am of two minds. 30 Yet they also offer a glimpse into the more complicated aspects of Aphrodites personality, characterizing her as a cunning woman who twists lures. The first line of Carsons translation reinforces that characterization by describing the goddess as of the spangled mind, suggesting a mazelike, ornamented way of thinking easily steered towards cunning, while still pointing to Aphrodites beauty and wealth. Sappho begs Aphrodite to listen to her prayer, reminding the goddess that they have worked well together in the past. passionate love [eros] for him, and off she went, carrying him to the ends of the earth, 11 so beautiful [kalos] he was and young [neos], but, all the same, he was seized 12 in the fullness of time by gray old age [gras], even though he shared the bed of an immortal female. Some scholars question how personal her erotic poems actually are. Aphrodite, glory of Olympos, golden one, incomparable goddess, born of seafoam, borne on the ocean's waves. Prayers to Aphrodite - Priestess of Aphrodite 1 O Queen Nereids, unharmed [ablabs] 2 may my brother, please grant it, arrive to me here [tuide], 3 and whatever thing he wants in his heart [thmos] to happen, 4 let that thing be fulfilled [telesthn]. A Neoplatonic, Christian Sappho: Reading Synesius' Ninth Hymn These titles emphasize Aphrodites honor, lineage, and power. Even with multiple interventions from the goddess of love, Aphrodite, Sappho still ends up heartbroken time and time again. 5 But come here [tuide], if ever at any [] the topmost apple on the topmost branch. 9 But may he wish to make his sister [kasignt] [10] worthy of more honor [tm]. a shade amidst the shadowy dead. 15 32 This frantic breath also mimics the swift wings of the doves from stanza three. Like a golden flower The poetry truly depicts a realistic picture of the bonds of love. [19] Its structure follows the three-part structure of ancient Greek hymns, beginning with an invocation, followed by a narrative section, and culminating in a request to the god. The poem makes use of Homeric language, and alludes to episodes from the Iliad. Virginity, virginity Aphrodite was the ancient Greek goddess of love, beauty, pleasure and procreation. A-Level: Classics OCR - Sappho Flashcards | Quizlet The statue of Pygmalion which was brought to life by Aphrodite in answer to his prayers. She is the personification of the female principle in nature. 1.16.
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