public broadcasting in the united states quizlet public broadcasting in the united states quizlet

Applications to Build New Stations; Length of License Period In terms of providing culture of all kinds (e.g., drama, music), education, news, current affairs, programming for children, and documentaries, PSB was remarkably successful. The fact that a smaller and smaller number of companies owns a larger and larger share of the American media is concerning primarily because it increases the risks that politicians and citizens who express less popular or minority viewpoints will have difficulty finding a public forum. We recommend that you contact the equipment manufacturer or the store where you purchased the equipment to attempt to resolve the interference problem. PBS provides its member stations with programming in cultural, educational, and scientific areas, in children's fare, and in news and public affairs but does not itself produce programs; the programs are produced by the member stations, independent producers, and other program producers worldwide. No more than 5 members of the Board appointed by the President may be members of the same political party. In terms of combatting racism, the NAACP had the most success with? In the case of advertisements for commercial products or services, it is sufficient for a station to announce the sponsor's corporate or trade name, or the name of the sponsor's product (where it is clear that the mention of the product constitutes a sponsorship identification). The V-Chip and TV Program Ratings. A complaint can also be filed with the FCCs Consumer Call Center at 1-888-CALL-FCC (1-888-225-5322, voice) or 1-888-TELL-FCC (1-888-835-5322, TTY). The FCC allocates a portion of the broadcast spectrum to new broadcast stations based upon both the relative needs of various communities for additional broadcast outlets, and specified engineering standards designed to prevent interference among stations and other communications users. (American Public Media, which has provided data for this sheet in the past, did not do so this year.) Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions. Stations that filed Form 397 during their current license terms should keep the form in their public file until grant of their next license renewal application.). Applications for License Renewal. Jazz is another traditional, but declining, public radio programming staple. Of particular concern would be evidence of the direction to employees from station management to falsify the news. If the emergency information is provided in the video portion of a regularly scheduled newscast or a newscast that interrupts regular programming, it must be made accessible through an aural description of the emergency information. When it launched in October 1970, PBS assumed many of the functions of its predecessor, National Educational Television (NET). For purposes of the commercial limits, commercial matter is airtime sold for purposes of selling a product or service and promotions of television programs or video programming services other than childrens or other age-appropriate programming appearing on the same channel, or promotions for childrens educational and informational programming appearing on any channel. As noted earlier, the rules governing broadcast stations are generally found in Part 73 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. It or its owners have, or have had, any interest in a broadcast application in an FCC proceeding in which character issues were resolved adversely to the applicant or were left unresolved, or were raised in connection with a pending application; Its ownership is consistent with the Communications Acts restrictions on licensees; Interests are held by foreign governments, foreign corporations, and non-U.S. citizens; There has been an adverse finding or adverse final action against it or its owners by a court or administrative body in a civil or criminal proceeding involving a felony, mass media-related antitrust or unfair competition law, the making of fraudulent statements to a governmental unit, or discrimination; There were any adjudicated violations of the Communications Act or the Commissions rules during the current license term; The licensee or its owners have been denied federal benefit due to drug law violations; Its station operation complies with the Commissions radiofrequency (RF) radio exposure standards; It has placed and maintained certain specified materials in its public inspection file in a timely manner; It has discontinued station operations for more than 12 consecutive months during the preceding license term and is currently broadcasting programming; It has adhered to its minimum operating schedule; Its advertising sales agreements discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity and whether all such agreements held by the licensee contain nondiscrimination clauses; It has filed Form 396, Broadcast Equal Employment Opportunity Program Report; and. Efficient markets limit competition. The material, taken as a whole, must lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. (with the notable exceptions of the United States, Mexico and Brazil). The reconciliation information need not be placed in the file, immediately, but the broadcaster must identify a person or persons at the station capable of informing an advertiser of the details of any reconciliation information. Rules This file must contain all requests for specific schedules of advertising time by candidates and certain issue advertisers, as well as the final dispositions or "deals" agreed to by the broadcaster and the advertiser in response to any requests. A. On the radio side, organizations such as NPR and Public Radio Exchange (PRX) produce and distribute programming, reaching audiences through local stations as well as digital channels. Before its expiration, each station licensee must broadcast a series of announcements stating when its license expires, the filing date for the renewal application, the date by which formal petitions against the renewal must be filed, and how to obtain a copy of the application. Opposition to legalized abortion is a position most likely supported by ________, while support for legalized abortion is a position most likely supported by ________. The descriptions are inserted into natural pauses in a programs dialogue and are designed to make TV programming more accessible to individuals who are blind or visually impaired. Underwriting Announcements on Noncommercial Educational Stations. These restrictions are discussed below. Objectionable Programming. FCC Authorizations Which was the first state to allow women to vote? They also decide how their programs will be structured and whether to edit or reschedule material for broadcasting. receive funding from the public thru license fees, subsidies, or taxes. During the last decade, the number of newspaper journalists working in the United States has Advertising revenue at print newspapers is currently ________ what it was in 2005. When it launched in October 1970, PBS assumed many of the functions of its predecessor, National Educational Television (NET). We license only individual broadcast stations. No federal law prohibits the broadcast by stations of requests for funds for legal purposes (including appeals by stations for contributions to meet their operating expenses), if the money or other contributions are used for the announced purposes. The records can be viewed in each stations online public inspection file on the Commissions website at https://publicfiles.fcc.gov. Additional information concerning the EEO rules is available at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/eeo-rules-and-policies-radio-and-broadcast-and-non-broadcast-tv. At the close of this period, the licensee must renew its stations license. This Manual is published by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the federal agency directed by Congress to regulate broadcasting. The FCCs Structure and the Media Bureau To ensure that parents and other interested parties are informed of the educational and informational childrens programming their area stations offer, commercial television licensees must identify each program specifically designed to educate and inform children by displaying the icon E/I throughout the program. The First Amendment and the Communications Act expressly prohibit the Commission from censoring broadcast matter. Please note that a complaint submitted through the File a Consumer Complaint link on the FCCs website will NOT be treated as a petition to deny or informal objection against a stations license renewal application. Lotteries conducted as a promotional activity by commercial organizations that are clearly occasional and ancillary to the primary business of that organization, as long as the lotteries are authorized or not otherwise prohibited by the state in which they are conducted. Apparatus Requirements for Emergency Information and Video Description All FCC Notices are included in the Commissions Daily Digest and posted on our website at https://www.fcc.gov/proceedings-actions/daily-digest. Public Participation in the Licensing Process During the 1940's and 1950's, who was the head lawyer for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund? Each licensee, regardless of size, must file an FCC Form 396 EEO Program Report with its license renewal application. Which of the following is an example of a public broadcasting organization? Before a party can build a new TV or radio station, it first must apply to the FCC for a construction permit. Still Fighting. PRX was down 10%, falling to about $37.6 million in total revenue for 2020. If you believe you are receiving blanketing or any other type of interference to broadcast reception, we encourage you to first communicate directly, in writing, with the licensee of the station that you believe is causing the interference. The broadcast must cause direct and actual damage to property or to the health or safety of the general public, or diversion of law enforcement or other public health and safety authorities from their duties, and the public harm must begin immediately. (Further data on podcasting is available in a separate fact sheet. Licensee Discretion. Telephone: (888) 225-5322 (voice); (888)835-5322 (TTY) The items required to be in a stations public file, the rule section requiring the filing, and the retention period for each item are listed below. FCC Regulation of Broadcast Radio and Television, Commercial and Noncommercial Educational Stations, Applications to Build New Stations; Length of License Period, Public Participation in the Licensing Process, Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions, Political Broadcasting: Candidates for Public Office, Programming Inciting "Imminent Lawless Action", Obscene, Indecent, or Profane Programming, How to File an Obscenity, Indecency, or Profanity Complaint, Educational and Informational Programming, Apparatus Requirements for Emergency Information and Video Description, Business Practices, Advertising Rates, and Profits, Employment Discrimination and Equal Employment Opportunity ("EEO"), Underwriting Announcements on Noncommercial Educational Stations, How to Resolve Blanketing Interference Problems, Requirement to Maintain a Public Inspection File, Children's Television Programming Reports, Material Relating to an FCC Investigation or Complaint, Donor Lists for Non-Commercial Educational Channels ("NCEs"), Records Concerning Children's Programming Commercial Limits, Must-Carry or Retransmission Consent Elections, Class A TV Continuing Eligibility Documentation, Sponsorship Identification - Political Matter and Controversial Issues of Public Importance, Information on Third-Party Fundraising by NCE stations. Through its review of television broadcast license renewal applications, the Commission must consider whether television licensees have served the educational and informational needs of children through the licensees overall programming, including programming specifically designed to serve such needs.. U.S. federal government support for public radio and television is filtered through the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), which operates as a separate organization. . As discussed further in this Manual, broadcast licensees must periodically make available detailed information about the programming they air to meet the needs and problems of their communities, which can be found in each stations public file. Separate from the commercial limits, since 1974 the Commission has also required that advertising in childrens programs be clearly separated from program content. For example, casino gambling is generally considered to be a lottery subject to the terms of the advertising restriction although, as discussed below, the prohibition is not applied to truthful advertisements for lawful casino gambling. There are three applications of this separation principle: 1) bumpers between program and advertising content (e.g., and now for a commercial break); 2) the host selling policy, which prohibits the use of program talent to deliver commercials; and 3) program-length commercials (PLC), which the Commission defines as a program associated with a product in which commercials for that product are aired (when a PLC occurs, then the entire program is considered a commercial). Apparatus Requirements for Emergency Information and Video Description. Login . There is a very plausible argument that public service broadcasting (PSB), as an idea and a set of institutions, was one of the singular, great creations of the 20th century. Host Selling Regardless of whether it is effective, the broadcast of subliminal material is inconsistent with a station's obligation to serve the public interest because it is designed to be deceptive.