which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. [67] Programs that enhance linkage and entry into HIV care are crucial. To which of the following due process protections are they NOT entitled? The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? By law, antiretroviral therapy must be available to all inmates who have HIV. [9] In a study conducted among male inmates in a Georgia state prison system, intra-prison transmission of HIV was associated with male-male sex in prison, receipt of tattoos while in prison, age older than 26 years, having served at least 5 years of the current sentence, Black race, and low body mass index upon entry to prison. This graphic represents systematic review and data synthesis compiled up to January 13, 2015. Prevalence studies of incarcerated populations in the United States have found higher rates of multiple chronic medical conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, asthma, arthritis, and malignancies, when compared with the general population in the United States, even with adjustment for sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption. A national survey of a parole board members said that the most important factors in the decision to grant or deny parole was the _________. [76] At the end of 2016, approximately 4.5 million adults in the United States were in community corrections (Figure 17). In the past, most studies viewed the problem of misconduct as one of individual problem officers, the so-called bad apples on the force. While blacks account for 12% of the U.S. population they account for _____ of the correctional workforce. Tempo is the time that events last. Funding to various correctional agencies has been cut since 9/11 and has been allocated to? answer choices Home confinement [7] Unfortunately, large declines in the HIV care cascade are seen after release from incarceration, often to levels even lower than before incarceration. What case launched the prisoners' rights movement? A ________ usually interacts little with other officers and does the minimum necessary to get through the workday. The next day, while discussing the incident, one of the arresting officers mentioned that the prisoner had said something about "have to kill myself" while being 120 seconds. [19,20] Although the overall rate of AIDS-related deaths in prison has declined since 2001, the rate of AIDS-related deaths among Black inmates has remained higher than in White or Hispanic inmates. Majors, captains and correctional officers charged with maintaining order and security are called_____________. Am J Public Health. For this analysis, undetectable HIV RNA was defined as HIV RNA level of less than 500 copies/mL. The patterns of behavior expected of correctional staff members in particular jobs are called__________. To this end, we subscribe to the following principles. A previous judicial decision that judges should consider in deciding future cases is called? At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the people who were employed in the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) were security staff. All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. Each probation officer is given the following job description: Meeting and interviewing offenders and their relatives to evaluate and monitor their progress Recommending treatments, rehabilitation . [ 1] [16] In addition, when compared with men, incarcerated women have higher rates of unemployment (45.8% versus 26.7%), homelessness (17.4% versus 12.1%), and psychiatric comorbidities (43.6% versus 21.6%). A punishment that is grossly disproportionate to the offense as well as those that transgress today's broad and idealistic concepts of dignity, civilized standards, humanity and decency is said to be? A pass must be signed by an officer to be valid. Which of the following statements regarding prison subcultures is true? Based ONLY on the paragraph above, which one of the following statements is the most accurate? [47] Financial barriers also prevent timely initiation or continuation of antiretroviral therapy in correctional settings. April 26, 2018. It is easy to state that one should not engage in sexual encounters, but it is harder to discuss and identify feelings that develop in correctional settings, such as transference and counter-transference feelings in a therapeutic relationship. High rates of turnover among corrections officers are the result of? A crime punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for a year or more is called a? Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states. The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time. At the end of 2012, approximately ________ percent of the people who were employed in adult correctional agencies in the United States were security staff. This has never been shown to be true, and facilities in the United States now do not usethis HIV cohorting stigmatizing practice.[53]. The idea of probation and parole is to reintroduce the offender into society as a productive member. your answer. A writ issued by an appellate court to obtain from a lower court the record of its proceeding in a particular case is called a? True or False? [47] Jails and temporary detention settings pose the most challenges in terms of accessing antiretroviral therapy. A financial penalty used as a criminal sanction is called a? emdjay23. [4] Among all persons in prisons, the state prisons account for nearly 90% of those in prison and the majority are males (Figure 6). A death sentence that the legislature has required to be imposed upon people convicted of certain offenses is called a? Late in a basketball game, a team often intentionally fouls an opposing player in order to stop the game clock. Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a(n) ________ philosophy toward prison matters. [11,12,13] Available data suggest that for persons with HIV and a history of opioid dependence, receipt of opiate agonist therapy within an HIV clinic upon release from prison improves HIV treatment outcomes in the community. A crime punishable by confinement in a local jail for a year or less is called? The transition from a correctional facility to the community is a critical event for persons with HIV. Officers who control the keys and weapons and sometimes oversee visitation are called ___________. The author of On Crimes and Punishments was? [4] The demographics of community corrections closely mirrors that of jail and prison settings, with disproportionate representation of poor, disadvantaged, and racial and ethnic minorities. Which of the following statements is true? The court held that prison officials could not lawfully demonstrate deliberate indifference to the medical needs of prisoners in the case of? Which of the following is NOT one of them? The HIV Care Cascade Before, During, and After Incarceration: A Systematic Review and Data Synthesis. Because individuals with HIV in the correctional system often perceive that accessing HIV care may increase their risk of being subjected to violence due to stigma or homophobia, maintaining adequate privacy measures within the correctional system is of paramount importance. Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a(n) ________ philosophy toward prison matters. The normal patterns of behavior expected of those holding particular social positions are called__________. France transported many of its criminals to Devil's Island. Barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within the correctional setting include high rates of substance use and mental health disorders, lack of continuity of medical care, distrust of prison-based medical care, and concerns about confidentiality and safety. The case of__________supported the use of the death penalty if the State used guided discretionary capital statutes. [6], In the United States, during the years 1991-2015 the annual number of persons with diagnosed HIV in state or federal prisons ranged from a high of 25,976 in 1998 to a low of 17,146 in 2015; from 1998 to 2015 the number and rate of persons with HIV in state or federal prisons declined (Figure 8). Wardens, superintendents, assistant superintendents and others charged with running the institution and its programs are called__________. At times, obtaining a release of information from a patient to discuss their care with the community corrections officer or parole officer is an important step in coordinating medical care. Fails when it's ill conceived and/or not implemented as designed. [37] A more recent CDC HIV corrections testing project conducted from 2009-2013 found 0.3-0.4% of inmates tested in a broad range of correctional facilities were newly diagnosed with HIV(Figure 13). Corrections Departments by State. Women make up ______ percent of the parole population. A ________ is an institutional setting in which people are cut off from the wider society and are expected to live according to institutional rules and procedures. 2015;42:643-9. The HIV care cascade model has been applied to the correctional system in order to identify disparities and improve performance at every stage along the HIV care continuum, from HIV diagnosis to linkage and retention in care to antiretroviral therapy and virologic suppression (Figure 15). Utilitarian ethics is a normative ethical system that is primarily concerned with the consequences of ethical decisions; therefore it can be described as a. teleological theory or consequentialist theory. They have considerable discretion in discharging their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. [26] Fewer than 30% of persons with HIV in the United States who enter the correctional system do so with an undetectable HIV RNA level. One study that involved 1,207 men and women who entered jails at 10 sites found that among all subjects who identified as HIV-seropositive, 65% were Black. As of year-end 2016, the United States had approximately 2.2 million persons housed in correctional facilities and had an incarcerated population that exceeded that of all other countries, in large part due to the justice system's approach to illegal drugs. If appointments cannot be made in advance, make walk-in arrangements with clinical providers. Officers can never catch all criminals. A method the U.S. Supreme Court uses to decide prisoner's rights cases, weighing the rights claimed by inmates against the legitimate needs of prisons is called the__________? An inmate with an officer does not need a pass. A jury found Murdaugh guilty of murdering his wife and son. Restorative justice is especially concerned with repairing the harm to the offender. In some situations, an investigation may involve an external investigator. The key to curbing recidivism of people who are mentally ill is to expand_______________into jails and prisons so that inmates can begin therapy the moment they walk into custody? Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the inmate society in many women's prisons? In women's prisons, the ________ role is occupied by sophisticated professional criminals who try to do easy time by manipulating other inmates and the staff to their own advantage. Buyers cannot move . [64,65] Developing new models of prison healthcare, such as telemedicine, that can effectively deliver best-practice HIV medicine to inmates living with HIV, is crucial to ensuring the constitutionally protected right of prisoners to adequate healthcare. Easy Quiz 2. What is the reason why the Eighth Amendment has done little to protect inmates from staff brutality? Which of the following statements is true? Which of the following Latin terms is defined as a court order requiring that a confined person be brought to court so that his or her claims can be heard? Diversion has its roots in ________theory. In 1972, the case of__________ruled that the application of the death penalty, as it was then carried out, was unconstitutional and set aside 40 death penalty statutes. In some states, if you are convicted of a felony it is grounds for an uncontested divorce. Unfortunately, this practice limits inmates with HIV from transferring to facilities that may have unique work or school programs, and may result in persons with HIV being imprisoned far from visitors, thereby limiting or preventing visitations. Typically, at any single point in time, the number of incarcerated adults housed in prisons is approximately twice those in jails. (1) Words such as ALL, NEVER, NONE, and EVERY harden a statement and indicate there are no exceptions. The _______ likes to give orders and seems to enjoy the feeling of power that comes from ordering inmates around. Jails confine persons before or after . Source: Iroh PA, Mayo H, Nijhawan AE. These officers are an underutilized resource, perhaps because of the public's misunderstanding of their role. Revocation hearings usually begin with a violation report prepared by the probation officer. [7] Epidemiologic surveys indicate the prevalence of HIV in 2015 was approximately 1.3% among inmates in correctional facilities, which is markedly higher than the 0.3 to 0.4% HIV prevalence in the general United States population. Those officers who are responsible for supervising inmates in housing areas are called __________. Suicide is a threat to all persons involved in corrections. Intermediate Sanctions are sometimes referred to as? Serious crime in the United States continues to go down but the prison poplation continues to go up. Within a correctional facility, the health and safety considerations for an inmate may take priority over the right to confidentiality, but some have interpreted this to mean that all officers should know the HIV status of individuals who are incarcerated. This is called__________. Michel Foucalt, the French historian and philosopher, says that the purpose of the physical punishment was? Cognitive Psychology - Memory. [20] Adequate discharge planning and linkage to community medical care upon release often fall short of practices recommended by the CDC and only 30% of individuals are retained in HIV medical care after 6 months in the community. This is because these offenders reside in the community rather than in jail or prison. Which of the following is NOT one of those ways? The earliest date on which an inmate might be paroled is called his _____________. Community corrections refers to adults on probation or parole. The ___________ was influenced by progressive beliefs that education and science were vehicles for controlling crime. The first legally chartered American custodial institution for juvenile offenders was? Reward power. Imminent threats. The_______has the highest per capita incarcerationrate in the world. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. In the past, sellers had more power than buyers, but now buyers have more power than sellers. Option A is correct. Calculate the probabilities for the center as shown in parts (a), (b), and (c ), and show that intentionally fouling the Portland Trail Blazers' center is a better strategy than intentionally fouling Jamal Crawford. As of 2012, unions represented correctional officers in adult institutions in ________ states and the federal system. Parole and probation, taken together with other forms of non-prison sanctions, are called community corrections. For more than 200 years, England practiced a form of criminal exile known as transportation. Jake is an inmate in a large state prison. The American correctional Association expects of its members unfailing honesty, respect for the dignity and individuality of human beings and a commitment to professional and compassionate service. Constitutional rights of inmates may be restricted by all except? Prisons have long had the right to provide only the minimal conditions necessary for human survival. Psychology - What is Psychology? If you want to skip this dialog please Always allow popup windows for the online course. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were male. Since you've received 80% or better on this quiz, you may claim continuing education credit. The majority of inmates in the Federal Bureau of Prisons have been convicted of _____. signed by an officer. Many of the barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within prison are similar to those outside the correctional system. The "evidence" that evidence based corrections is based on is highly controversial. According to your authors, the Three-State Recidivism Study concluded? Juveniles can never be held in adult jails. They always seek the easy path and they plot to win the cushiest jobs. The Auburn system was also known as the __________. Factors that may be considered to increase the culpability of the offender are called? [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. ET for the sentencing for Alex Murdaugh. [4,5] According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, at the end of 2016 the United States had approximately 2,162,400 adults in correctional facilities. (2) Words such as SOMETIMES, MAY, GENERALLY, and POSSIBLY soften a statement and leave more room for the statement to be correct. They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. The process, however, remains slow and difficult, primarily because the necessary funding is simply not available. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. At least_________ percent of the inmates who enter prisons eventually return to the community. [38] The CDC has released a comprehensive document to guide the implementation of opt-out HIV testing in the correctional setting. The parole concept has its roots in an 18th century English penal practice of __________. [46] In the prison setting, unique barriers to antiretroviral adherence exist, such as frequent transfers between facilities or assignments within the facility that can interfere with continuity of care. [10] Unfortunately, few correctional facilities currently offer medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction, and many inmates continue to use illicit drugs while incarcerated if they are able to access the drugs. Show transcribed image text. Those officers who supervise inmates in the prison athletic areas or recreational areas are called ___________. The fundamental difference between jail and prison is the nature of their. An inmate who helps other inmates with various legal problems. [11,43] In addition, directly observed antiretroviral therapy in the corrections setting does not empower inmates to develop the discipline and habits for eventually taking antiretroviral medications on their ownskills they will need in the community. A place where the same people work, eat, sleep and engage in recreation together day after day is called? [11] Incarcerated women with HIV have an even higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than their male counterparts. [9] Although the number of persons who have ever injected drugs is not routinely assessed in prison populations, a 2004 Bureau of Justice Special Report noted that 23% of persons in state prisonsand 18% of individuals in federal prisonsreported ever having used heroin/opiates. Board of Governors and Delegates Assembly 1994. a. Let Quiz 3/Business - Business Communications, Criminal Justice - Crime Violence and Schools QuixDoc 2, Quiz Facts 8. [11,26] For some inmates with HIV, the correctional setting may be their first engagement in HIV care, and during incarceration substantial gains may be made along all steps in the HIV care cascade, including increasing the percentages of persons taking antiretroviral therapy and achieving virologic suppression. In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was _____. anti-staff mentality, interracial tension, or levels of violence. Which of the following is sacrificed so that prisons and jails can continue to operate in an efficient manner given the budget cutbacks? Further, efforts to cohort HIV-seropositive inmates also have in some cases led to adverse health outcomes, due to close proximity of multiple persons with immune suppression. The set of norms and values among prison inmates is called? For persons with HIV, the community or parole officer can often play a key role in keeping an individual engaged in care. , which are essentially the same thing, both having a notion that the consequence of the act is the most important . The belief that inmate subcultures develop in response to the deprivations in prison life is called? ___________ is/are the common denominator for most offenders in the criminal justice system? Inmates' belief that a correctional officer can and will punish disobedience gives the officer __________. When a juvenile court transfers jurisdiction of a case to an adult court it is called a? This problem has been solved! The_______leads the United States in executions. Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware [31,34,35,36,37] One HIV testing project that included more than 33,000 inmates in four states (Florida, New York, Wisconsin, and Louisiana) identified 269 (0.8%) previously undiagnosed HIV infections, and 40% of them were among inmates whose only reported risk was heterosexual contact; this study underscores why HIV testing based only on reported risk factors will fail to identify a significant proportion of incarcerated persons with HIV. Correctional Institutions. The __________ advocated a prison system which shifted the emphasis from punishing the body to reforming the mind and soul. Therefore, the functions are exponential. the right to vote, the right to hold public office, the right to serve on a grand or petit jury, or the right to get married. When an officer is using "persuasive diplomacy" it is called ___________. [11,42] Several studies evaluating the impact of directly observed antiretroviral therapy in prisons have found that directly observed antiretroviral therapy does not necessarily lead to better medication adherence than self-administration. Officers enforce regulations through effective communication and the use of progressive sanctions, which involve punishments, such as loss of privileges. Branding has been in use as a punishment since at least Roman times. Complete applications for medical services in conjunction with the inmate. The states of________,Georgia and Texas are making extensive use of communtity service. Brutality is normally construed as a tort rather than a constitutional issue. Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations of group's values---such as murder, rape and robbery are called? According to the text, for punishment to be effective as a deterrent it must be________,_________, and_______. Prison construction is estimated to be at______a year. According to Cullen and Gendreau, rehabilitation strangely enough, works very well with murderers. [20], The landmark Supreme Court Estelle v. Gamble decision in 1976, which established that all incarcerated individuals have the right to adequate healthcare, provides the constitutional mandate for HIV care and access to treatment within the correctional setting. Option B is correct. Officers who conduct pre-sentence investigations utilize discretion in deciding what to include in a report and, most importantly, what sentence to recommend. The correctional officer that believes that close association with inmates will make it easier to control the inmates is called a ___________. Added 11/4/2021 7:21:03 PM. The equal-protection clause under the ________ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination. The most honorable form of punishment for men was decapitation with a sword. This impacts correctional administrators' ability to? Which of the following states paid its correctional officers the highest median annual wage in 2014? Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. A due process hearing that must be conducted to determine whether the conditions of probation have been violated is called?